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Lost Civilizations

This dataset contains information about various ancient civilizations, highlighting their geographical locations, timeframes, cultural attributes, notable contributions, and reasons for their decline. It serves as an overview of significant societies that have impacted human history across different regions and eras.

  1. Name: The name of the civilization being described.
  2. Location: The geographical area where the civilization was primarily situated.
  3. Approximate Dates: The time period during which the civilization flourished.
  4. Cultural Characteristics: Key aspects of the civilization's culture, including societal practices and achievements.
  5. Notable Achievements: Significant contributions or accomplishments made by the civilization throughout its history.
  6. Reason for Decline: The factors or events that led to the civilization's decline or end.

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Sample Data

Name Location Approximate Dates Cultural Characteristics Notable Achievements Reason for Decline
Maias Yucatan Peninsula 2000 BC - 1500 AD Advanced agriculture, mathematics, and astronomy Pyramids, writing system Spanish conquest, climate change
Cahokia Illinois, USA 600 AD - 1400 AD Mound-building culture, urban planning Largest city in pre-Columbian North America Resource depletion, political strife
Atlantis Location Unknown Approx. 9600 BC Advanced technology, immense wealth Naval power, architecture Natural disaster, hubris
Indus Valley Civilization Modern Pakistan & Northwest India 2500 BC - 1900 BC Urban planning, drainage system Standardized weights, grid city layout Possible climate change, invasion
Harappan Civilization Modern Pakistan 2600 BC - 1900 BC Agricultural, trade-oriented society Urban centers, advanced crafts Environmental changes, decline of trade
Cretan Civilization / Minoans Crete, Greece 3000 BC - 1400 BC Maritime culture, art, trade Palace of Knossos, frescoes Invasion, volcanic eruption
Etruscans Italy 800 BC - 100 BC Metalwork, urbanization, religious customs Architecture, sculptures Roman expansion, assimilation
Norse Greenland Greenland 1000 AD - 1500 AD Viking culture, agriculture Settlements, trade Climate change, isolation
Olmec Mexico 1200 BC - 400 BC Colossal heads, ritual ballgames Early writing, artistic influence Social upheaval, environmental changes
Ancestral Puebloans Southwestern USA 100 AD - 1300 AD Cliff dwellings, kivas Architectural innovations, irrigation Drought, resource depletion
Sumerians Mesopotamia (Iraq) 4500 BC - 1900 BC Cuneiform writing, city-states Wheel, mathematics Invasions, environmental factors
Babylonian Civilization Mesopotamia (Iraq) 1894 BC - 539 BC Hammurabi's Code, astronomy Legal systems, mathematics Conquered by Persians, internal strife
Phoenicians Eastern Mediterranean 1500 BC - 300 BC Maritime trading power, alphabet invention Trade networks, red dye Conquests by Persians, Romans
Maya Central America 2000 BC - 1500 AD Complex society with city-states Astronomy, calendars Warfare, environmental changes
Chavin Peru 900 BC - 200 BC Religious site, artworks Ceramic, metallurgy Social upheaval, environmental factors
Tibetan Empire Tibet 618 AD - 842 AD Buddhism, culture, trade Cultural exchanges, military conquests Internal conflict, external pressures
Great Zimbabwe Zimbabwe 1100 AD - 1450 AD Stone structures, trade Gold trade, architecture Economic decline, political instability
Aksum Ethiopia 100 AD - 940 AD Christian kingdom, trade Minting coins, architectural achievements Trade disruptions, resource depletion
Songhai Empire West Africa 1430 AD - 1591 AD Trade, Islam, urban centers Learning centers, military power Invasions, internal strife
City of Petra Jordan 5th century BC - 2nd century AD Rock-cut architecture, water conduit system Trade hub, architecture Destruction, decline of trade
Byzantine Empire Eastern Mediterranean 330 AD - 1453 AD Christianity, art, law Justinian code, architecture Ottoman conquest, internal strife
Khmer Empire Cambodia 802 AD - 1431 AD Hindu and Buddhist influence, architectural innovation Angkor Wat, water management Climate changes, invasion
Incan Empire Andes Mountains 1438 AD - 1533 AD Advanced agriculture, road systems Architecture, quipu Spanish conquest, civil war
Teotihuacan Mexico 100 BC - 550 AD Urbanity, pyramids Pyramid of the Sun, trade Resource depletion, conflict
Chaco Canyon Culture New Mexico, USA 650 AD - 1150 AD Kivas, trade networks Astronomical alignments, architecture Drought, resource depletion
Mississippian Culture North America 800 AD - 1600 AD Mound-building societies Cahokia, extensive trade networks Climate change, European contact
Teotihuacan Mexico 100 BC - 550 AD Multi-ethnic urban center Pyramids, murals Mysterious decline, possibly conflict
Persian Empire Iran 550 BC - 330 BC Largest empire of its time, advanced administration Royal Road, architectural feats Conquered by Alexander the Great
Roman Empire Mediterranean 27 BC - 476 AD Extensive road systems, law Architecture, engineering Barbarian invasions, internal corruption
Babylon Iraq 1894 BC - 539 BC Famous for Hanging Gardens, legal systems Astronomy, mathematics Fall to Persia, geopolitical changes
Egyptian Civilization Egypt 3100 BC - 30 BC Pyramids, hieroglyphics Architecture, mathematics Roman conquest, economic decline
Carthage Tunisia 814 BC - 146 BC Maritime power, trade Punic Wars, trade networks Defeated by Rome, destruction
Malayan Empire Southeast Asia 700 AD - 1500 AD Maritime trade, Islam influence Trade networks, cultural diffusion Colonial pressures, economic changes
Chola Dynasty India 300 BC - 1279 AD Maritime power, temple architecture Cultural advancements, trade Internal conflicts, invasions
Urartu Armenia 860 BC - 590 BC Fortifications, metallurgy Architectural achievements, inscriptions Conquered by Medes, geopolitical changes
Numidia North Africa Numidian Kingdoms before 46 BC Formidble cavalry, agriculture Military tactics, alliances Roman conquest, internal divisions
Zhou Dynasty China 1046 BC - 256 BC Feudal states, Confucius arose Mandate of Heaven, philosophy Internal conflict, warfare
Muisca Confederation Colombia 600 AD - 1600 AD Confederation of tribes, agriculture El Dorado legend Spanish conquest, societal changes
Nabataean Kingdom Jordan 4th century BC - 106 AD Trade routes, rock-cut architecture Petra, trading networks Roman annexation, changing trade routes
Mississippian Culture Eastern USA 800 AD - 1600 AD Mound builders, agricultural societies Cahokia, trade networks European arrival, conflict
Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Easter Island 300 AD - 1868 AD Polynesian culture, moai statues Stonework, navigation Environmental changes, isolation
Qin Dynasty China 221 BC - 206 BC First Imperial dynasty, Great Wall Unified China, centralized state Internal conflict, succession crisis
Kirman Empire Iran 600 AD - 800 AD Cultural confluence and trade Metallurgy, architecture Steppe nomadic invasions
Macronesian Cultures Pacific Islands 1000 BC - ongoing Maritime trade Navigational prowess, art Isolation, European arrival
Silla Kingdom Korea 57 BC - 935 AD Buddhism, gold craftsmanship Buddhist art, cultural achievements Unification of Korea, invasions
Phrygian Kingdom Turkey 1200 BC - 700 BC Independent kingdom, literacy Mythology, architecture Conquered by Lydians and Greeks
Bactria Central Asia 2500 BC - 1200 AD Cultural exchange, trade Silk Road contributions Conquered by various empires
Alans Eurasia 1 AD - 500 AD Nomadic pastoralists Military prowess, trade connections Conquered by Huns and others
Parthian Empire Iran 247 BC - 224 AD Cultural syncretism, Silk Road trade Empire rivaling Rome Internal strife, economic decline
Seljuk Empire Middle East 1037 AD - 1194 AD Cultural renaissance, trade Architecture, administration Fragmentation, Mongol invasions
Ottoman Empire Turkey 1299 AD - 1922 AD Multi-ethnic empire, trade Architecture, administrative systems World War I, rise of nationalism
Shang Dynasty China 1600 BC - 1046 BC Early Chinese writing, bronze casting Chinese writing system, agriculture Overthrown by Zhou
Zulu Kingdom South Africa 1816 AD - 1897 AD Warrior culture, agricultural society Military organization, resistance Colonial pressures, warfare
Viking Age Society Scandinavia 793 AD - 1066 AD Seafaring warriors, raiders Exploration, trade Christianization, settlement
Manchu Qing Dynasty China 1644 AD - 1912 AD Last imperial dynasty, multiethnic Cultural exchanges, empire Revolutions, colonialism
Welsh Kings and Princes Wales 5th century AD - 12th century AD Celtic culture, local governance Local wars, culture preservation English conquest, fragmentation
Chola Dynasty India 300 BC - 1279 AD Maritime empire, Tamil culture Temple architecture, trade Invasions, internal strife
Rashidun Caliphate Middle East 632 AD - 661 AD Islamic expansion, administration Rapid territorial expansion Succession disputes, internal factions
Sassanid Empire Iran 224 AD - 651 AD Cultural renaissance, trade Art, architecture Islamic conquest, internal issues
Inuit Culture Arctic regions 2000 BC to present Nomadic lifestyle, sustainable practices Hunting technology, art forms Climate change, modern pressures
Kushite Kingdom Sudan 800 BC - 350 AD Egyptian influence, pyramids Pyramids of Meroe, trade Conquered by Aksum, resource depletion
Norse settlements in Vinland North America 1000 AD - 1500 AD Viking culture, agriculture Exploration, crafts Conflicts with Indigenous populations
Ancient Israel Middle East 1200 BC - 500 AD Cultural and religious influence Hebrew Bible, Judaism Conquered by empires, diaspora
Creek Confederacy Southern USA 1700 AD - 1830 AD Southeastern Native American culture Fur trade, agriculture U.S. expansion, forced relocation
Mesoamerican Cultures Central America 1500 BC - 1500 AD Complex societies, pyramids Astronomy, calendars Conquests and diseases
Albanian Principalities Balkans 12th century AD - 15th century AD Medieval culture Resistance against Ottomans Ottoman conquests, fragmentation
Uralic Sami Culture Northern Europe Prehistoric - ongoing Nomadic reindeer herding Cultural resilience, music Modern pressures, environmental changes
Bosnian Kingdom Bosnia Mid 12th century - 1463 AD Slavic culture, feudal system Local governance, cultural flourishing Ottoman conquest, fragmentation
Muisca Confederation Colombia Pre-Columbian - 16th century AD Confederation of tribes, agriculture Goldsmithing, trade Spanish conquest, colonial impacts
Angkor Empire Cambodia 802 AD - 1431 AD Hindu and Buddhist influences Angkor Wat, advanced irrigation Climate changes, invasions
Sicilian Kingdom Italy 1130 AD - 1194 AD Norman influence, cultural mosaic Architectural achievements Hohenstaufen succession crisis, strife
Alfonso of Aragon Mediterranean 12th century - 15th century Conqueror, cultural integration Multiethnic governance Internal conflicts, power shifts
Zapotec Civilization Oaxaca, Mexico 700 BC - 1500 AD Agriculture, city-building Monte Albán, monumental architecture Social upheaval, Spanish conquest
Frankish Kingdom Western Europe 5th century - 9th century Feudalism, integration of tribes Charlemagne's empire, legal codes Fragmentation, invasions
Alanic Society Eurasia 1st century - 5th century Nomadic lifestyle, warrior culture Cultured horsemen Conquests by competing tribes
Bermudian Civilizations Bermuda 1300 AD - 16th century AD Colonial settlements, agriculture Developed agriculture Loss to European powers, dispossession
Hutt River Province Australia 1970 - 2020 Micro-nation, anti-centrism Self-declared independence Legal disputes, dissolution efforts
Ming Dynasty China 1368 AD - 1644 AD Cultural flourishing, trade Great Wall reconstruction, voyages of Zheng He Manchu invasions, internal strife
Tang Dynasty China 618 AD - 907 AD Cultural renaissance, Silk Road trade Expansion, cosmopolitan culture Revolts, provincial fragmentation
Achaeans Greece 1600 BC - 1100 BC Mycenaean culture, trade Linear B writing, early Greek civilization Dorian invasion, internal strife
Mauryan Empire India 322 BC - 185 BC First large empire in India Ashoka's edicts, trade Weak successors, internal conflict
Gothic Kingdoms Europe 300 AD - 700 AD Warlike tribes, migration Fall of Western Roman Empire Fragmentation, invasions
Skara Brae Orkney, Scotland 3100 BC - 2500 BC Neolithic village, stone structures Advanced architecture Climate change, abandonment
Sumer Mesopotamia (Iraq) 4500 BC - 1900 BC City-states, cuneiform writing First cities, inventions Invasions, trade decline
Celtic Tribes Europe 1200 BC - Roman Conquest Druidic culture, tribal societies Iron Age, complex societies Roman conquest, cultural assimilation
Iberian Peninsula Cultures Spain/Portugal Prehistoric - Roman conquest Diverse tribal cultures Trade networks with Mediterranean Roman expansion, internal conflicts
Timurid Empire Central Asia 1370 AD - 1506 AD Cultural revival, architecture Timur's conquests, arts Fragmentation after Timur's death
Armada of Exploration Various 16th century - 18th century Maritime exploration, colonization Mapping of new regions Resource depletion, conflicts
Denmark Vikings Scandinavia 800 AD - 1100 AD Seafaring raiders and traders Exploration, settlements Christianization, cultural change
Huns Eurasia 4th century - 5th century Nomadic conquerors Militarism, migration Defeated by Germanic tribes
Slavic Principalities Eastern Europe 700 AD - 1200 AD Cultural blending, feudalism Cultural diversity, literature Rise of neighboring powers
Mississippian Culture North America 800 AD - 1600 AD Mound-building society Trade networks, monumental architecture Resource depletion, contact with Europeans
Lombard Kingdom Italy 568 AD - 774 AD Germanic kingdoms, feudal culture Integration of Roman and Germanic elements Conquered by Franks, assimilation
Turkic Khanates Eurasia 600 AD - 1200 AD Nomadic lifestyle, military structure Cultural exchanges along Silk Road Mongol invasions, fragmentation
Yaqui Tribe Mexico Pre-Columbian - present Agricultural societies, resistance Strong spiritual beliefs, customs Colonial impacts, modern pressures
Brahmin Estates India Ancient times - ongoing Hindu traditions, priestly roles Religious and cultural preservation Modern challenges, reforms
Unknown West African Kingdoms West Africa Pre-colonial times Diverse tribal cultures, rich traditions Trade, artistic contributions Colonial disruptions, resource exploitation
Peaceful Utterlike Society Eurasia 2500 BC - 2000 BC Largely social structures, self-sufficiency Cultural resilience, innovation Displacement, environmental changes
Lapita Culture Oceania 1600 BC - 500 BC Maritime voyaging, pottery Cultural foundation of Polynesia Climate effects, cultural shifts
Mi'kmaq Nation Canada Precolonial - ongoing Indigenous governance, sustainable practices Ecological knowledge, adaptability Colonial impact, demographic changes
Cossack Hetmanate Ukraine 17th century - 18th century Military culture, autonomy Anti-imperialism, cultural legacy Russian expansion, integration
Carolingian Empire Western Europe 800 AD - 888 AD Cultural renaissance, feudalism Cultural unification under Charlemagne Fragmentation after Charlemagne
Viking Greenlands Greenland 800 AD - 1300 AD Norse cultural heritage, farming Settlements, seafaring Climate change, isolation
Quechua Culture Peru Prehistoric - present Andean civilization, agriculture Textile arts, agricultural practices Modern economic challenges
Scythian Culture Eurasia 800 BC - 200 AD Nomadic warrior society, horseback riding Art, trade networks Pressure from invasions, assimilation
Ottoman Empire Turkey 1299 AD - 1922 AD Cultural diversity, imperial governance Architecture, trade Nationalism, World War I
Maori Culture New Zealand Polynesian settlement - present Agricultural and maritime societies Oral traditions, language preservation Colonial impact, modern challenges
Babylonian Civilization Mesopotamia (Iraq) 1894 BC - 539 BC Significant in early civilization, trade Hammurabi's Code, ziggurats Conquered, trade disruptions
Fremantle Society Australia 1840 - 1900 Colonial settlement culture Architectural developments, maritime trade Displacement, modern shifts
Persian Empire Iran 550 BC - 330 BC Largest empire, cultural achievements Royal Road, Persepolis Conquests, administrative difficulties
Chaco Culture North America 850 AD - 1150 AD Pueblo culture, advanced astronomy Cultural and trade networks Climate factors, resource depletion
Three Kingdoms of Korea Korea 1st century BC - 7th century AD Cultural exchange, rivalry Buddhism, military conflict Unification, external pressures
Sevran-Villes France Late 20th century Post-colonial settlements Diversified communities Economic pressures, local conflicts
Late Neolithic Society Southeast Asia 4500 BC - 3000 BC Gathering and agriculture Cultural foundations, trade Rural to urban shifts
Fraudulent Decadent Society Pacific Islands 19th century Cultural encounters, colonization Assimilation of outside cultures Split identities in modernity
Mayapan Yucatan, Mexico 1200-1450 AD Maya city-state Cultural and trade hub Political strife, environmental changes
Teotihuacan Mexico 150 BC - 650 AD Cosmopolitan society, cultural center Pyramid of the Sun, urban planning Internal conflict, resource depletion
Ammonite Civilization Jordan Prehistoric - 5th century BC Ancient tribal societies, nomadic Resistance against empires, trade Decline through conquest, assimilation
Gallienus Feudal Kingdoms Europe Post Roman Empire - ongoing Tribal governance, feudalism Local powers resisted centralization Fragmentation, conquest
Manchu Qing Dynasty China 1644 AD - 1912 AD Multi-ethnic empire, trade Silk and porcelain trade, administrative systems Decline due to revolutions and modernization
Sidama Kingdom Ethiopia Pre-20th century Traditional culture, agriculture Cultural practices and systems Colonial pressures, modern influences
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