| | Period Name | Chronological Range | Region | Key Features | |----:|:----------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 0 | Upper Paleolithic | 50,000 - 10,000 BCE | Worldwide | Artistic expression, advanced tool use, emergence of Homo sapiens. | | 1 | Mesolithic | 10,000 - 5,000 BCE | Europe and Near East | Transitional period, semi-nomadic lifestyles, increase in microliths. | | 2 | Neolithic | 10,000 - 4,500 BCE | Worldwide | Agriculture, permanent settlements, pottery, weaving. | | 3 | Bronze Age | 3300 - 1200 BCE | Near East, Europe, South Asia | Use of bronze, the rise of cities, trade networks. | | 4 | Iron Age | 1200 - 600 BCE | Worldwide | Iron metallurgy, the emergence of empires, complex societies. | | 5 | Classical Antiquity | 8th Century BCE - 5th Century CE | Mediterranean | Formation of empires, development of philosophy, written records. | | 6 | Middle Ages | 5th - 15th Century CE | Europe and parts of Asia | Feudalism, church dominance, the rise of kingdoms. | | 7 | Renaissance | 14th - 17th Century CE | Europe | Revival of classical learning, art, humanism, scientific advancements. | | 8 | Industrial Revolution | 18th - 19th Century CE | Worldwide | Mass production, urbanization, technological innovation. | | 9 | Prehistoric | Before written records | Worldwide | Development of stone tools, early human behaviors. | | 10 | Chalcolithic | 4500 - 3500 BCE | Middle East and parts of Europe | Copper use, early forms of metallurgy, emergence of social hierarchies. | | 11 | Early Bronze Age | 3300 - 2100 BCE | North Africa and Eurasia | First urban centers, trade routes, religious structures. | | 12 | Late Bronze Age | 1600 - 1200 BCE | Eastern Mediterranean | Cultural exchanges through trade, collapse of regional powers. | | 13 | Early Iron Age | 1200 - 800 BCE | Mediterranean and Near East | Iron tools, rise of early states. | | 14 | High Middle Ages | 11th - 13th Century CE | Europe | Increased trade, study of classical antiquity, gothic architecture. | | 15 | Late Middle Ages | 14th - 16th Century CE | Europe | Black Death, emergence of modern nation-states, printing press. | | 16 | Pre-Columbian | 3000 BCE - 1492 CE | Americas | Diverse cultures, monumental architecture, complex societies. | | 17 | Indus Valley Civilization | 3300 - 1300 BCE | South Asia | Urban planning, social organization, early writing. | | 18 | Chinese Neolithic | 10,000 - 2000 BCE | China | Rice cultivation, village settlements, early pottery. | | 19 | Roman Empire | 27 BCE - 476 CE | Mediterranean and parts of Europe | Road networks, law and governance systems, architectural innovation. | | 20 | Byzantine Period | 330 - 1453 CE | Eastern Mediterranean | Continuation of Roman culture, Orthodox Christianity, arts. | | 21 | Islamic Golden Age | 8th - 14th Century CE | Middle East and parts of Europe | Advancements in science, mathematics, and philosophy. | | 22 | Age of Discovery | 15th - 17th Century CE | Worldwide | European exploration, colonization, globalization. | | 23 | American Revolution | 1765 - 1783 CE | North America | Colonial independence, formation of constitutional governance. | | 24 | Victorian Era | 1837 - 1901 CE | United Kingdom | Industrial progress, empire expansion, cultural shifts. | | 25 | Postmodern Era | Late 20th Century - Present | Worldwide | Rejection of modernist norms, cultural pluralism, global communication. | | 26 | Neolithic Revolution | 10,000 - 2000 BCE | Worldwide | Transition from hunting-gathering to settled agriculture. | | 27 | Stone Age | 2.6 million years ago - 3000 BCE | Worldwide | Use of stone tools, basic social structures. | | 28 | Hellenistic Period | 323 - 30 BCE | Eastern Mediterranean | Spread of Greek culture, art, and philosophy after Alexander. | | 29 | Prehistoric America | 10,000 BCE - 1492 CE | Americas | Early hunter-gatherers, development of agriculture and complex societies. | | 30 | Old Kingdom Egypt | 2686 - 2181 BCE | Egypt | Pyramid construction, centralized state, Egyptian art. | | 31 | New Kingdom Egypt | 1550 - 1070 BCE | Egypt | Expansion, wealth, monumental architecture, pharaohs. | | 32 | Aksumite Empire | 100 - 940 CE | Northeast Africa | Trade empire, early Christianity, stelae construction. | | 33 | Carolingian Renaissance | 8th - 9th Century CE | Western Europe | Cultural revival under Charlemagne, preservation of knowledge. | | 34 | Renaissance in Italy | 14th Century - 16th Century CE | Italy | Artistic and intellectual revival, notable artists, humanism. | | 35 | African Iron Age | 600 BCE - 1000 CE | Sub-Saharan Africa | Iron technology, development of complex societies. | | 36 | Baroque Era | 1600 - 1750 CE | Europe | Dramatic art, architectural grandeur, scientific advancements. | | 37 | Enlightenment | 17th - 19th Century CE | Europe and Americas | Philosophical movement emphasizing reason and individualism. | | 38 | Postcolonial Period | 20th Century - Present | Worldwide | Decolonization, cultural identity movements, global interconnectedness. | | 39 | Ancient China | 2100 BCE - 221 BCE | China | Dynastic rule, philosophical developments, technological innovations. | | 40 | Viking Age | 793 - 1066 CE | Scandinavia and parts of Europe | Norse exploration, trade, and raiding. | | 41 | Mesoamerican Era | 1500 BCE - 1500 CE | Central America | Development of complex societies like the Maya and Aztec. | | 42 | Middle Kingdom Egypt | 2055 - 1650 BCE | Egypt | Consolidation of power, cultural flourishing, literature. | | 43 | Sumerian Civilization | 4500 - 1900 BCE | Mesopotamia | Development of cuneiform, city-states, ziggurats. | | 44 | Iron Age Europe | 800 - 1 BCE | Europe | Rise of Celtic tribes, trade networks, early settlements. | | 45 | Roman Republic | 509 - 27 BCE | Mediterranean | Political system development, conflicts, expansion. | | 46 | Sioux Period | circa 1800 CE | North America | Complex tribal societies, resistance against colonization. | | 47 | Ancient Greece | circa 800 - 300 BCE | Greece | Foundation of democracy, philosophy, Greek art. | | 48 | Celtic Period | circa 600 BCE - 43 CE | Western Europe | Celtic tribes, intricate art, trade routes. | | 49 | Indigenous Australian Cultures | Before 1788 | Australia | Hunter-gatherer societies, Dreamtime stories, land management. | | 50 | Babylonian Empire | 1894 - 539 BCE | Mesopotamia | Legal codes, mathematics, astronomy. | | 51 | Lapita Culture | 1600 - 500 BCE | Oceania | Maritime trade, pottery, early Polynesian settlements. | | 52 | Early Modern Period | 1500 - 1800 CE | Worldwide | Transition from medieval to modern, exploration, scientific revolution. | | 53 | Qing Dynasty | 1644 - 1912 CE | China | Final imperial dynasty, cultural and scientific advancements. | | 54 | Arab Caliphate | 7th - 13th Century CE | Middle East and North Africa | Islamic expansion, cultural synthesis, science. | | 55 | Saxony Period | 5th - 8th Century CE | Germany | Migration period, early medieval kingdoms. | | 56 | Shang Dynasty | 1600 - 1046 BCE | China | Early Chinese writing and bronze age culture. | | 57 | Tang Dynasty | 618 - 907 CE | China | Cultural flourishing, expansion, trade via Silk Road. | | 58 | Gupta Empire | c. 240 - 550 CE | India | Golden Age of India, advancements in mathematics and science. | | 59 | Caribbean Arawak Taino | Pre-1492 | Caribbean Islands | Agricultural societies, complex social hierarchies. | | 60 | Hittite Empire | 1600 - 1178 BCE | Anatolia | Advancements in law, warfare, and diplomacy. | | 61 | Ottoman Empire | 1299 - 1922 CE | Southeast Europe, Western Asia, North Africa | Cultural melting pot, trade routes, art. | | 62 | Ancestral Puebloans | 1000 BCE - 1300 CE | Southwest USA | Cliff dwellings, complex societies, agricultural practices. | | 63 | Chavin Culture | 900 - 200 BCE | Peru | Religious center, monumental architecture, art. | | 64 | Feudal Japan | 1185 - 1603 CE | Japan | Samurai culture, shogunates, isolationist policies. | | 65 | Sassanian Empire | 224 - 651 CE | Persia | Cultural revival, architecture, Zoroastrianism. | | 66 | Vedic Period | 1500 - 500 BCE | India | Formation of Hinduism, early Indian society, philosophical texts. | | 67 | Minoan Civilization | 2600 - 1400 BCE | Crete | Palatial centers, art, early writing systems. | | 68 | Early Medieval Period | 5th - 10th Century CE | Europe | Fall of the Western Roman Empire, development of feudal systems. | | 69 | Vikings in North America | circa 1000 CE | North America | Norse exploration, trading posts, settlements. | | 70 | Sumerian Period | circa 4500 - 1900 BCE | Mesopotamia | City-states, development of writing (cuneiform). | | 71 | Mississippian Culture | circa 800 - 1600 CE | Southeast USA | Mound-building, complex societies, agriculture. | | 72 | Prehistoric Japan | 30,000 BCE - 300 CE | Japan | Jomon and Yayoi cultures, pottery, early agriculture. | | 73 | Polynesian Expansion | 1000 BCE - 1300 CE | Oceania | Maritime navigation, settlement of islands. | | 74 | Olmec Civilization | 1400 - 400 BCE | Mexico | Colossal heads, early writing and trade. | | 75 | Qin Dynasty | 221 - 206 BCE | China | Unification of China, Great Wall construction, legalism. | | 76 | Zhou Dynasty | 1046 - 256 BCE | China | Development of Confucianism, Mandate of Heaven. | | 77 | Roman Britain | 43 - 410 CE | Britain | Integration of Roman culture, urban centers, Hadrian's Wall. | | 78 | Golden Age of Islam | 8th - 14th Century CE | Middle East and North Africa | Cultural and intellectual advancements, trade flourishing. | | 79 | The Reformation | 16th Century CE | Europe | Religious reformation, emergence of Protestantism. | | 80 | Neolithic Europe | 6000 - 2000 BCE | Europe | Agricultural practices, megalithic structures. | | 81 | Early South American Civilizations | 1500 BCE - 500 CE | Andes Region | Complex social structures, religious beliefs, agriculture. | | 82 | Western Han Dynasty | 206 BCE - 9 CE | China | Expansion of territory, trade on Silk Road. | | 83 | Late Bronze Age Greece | 1600 - 1100 BCE | Greece | Mycenaean civilization, palace culture. | | 84 | Prehistoric Siberia | circa 30,000 BCE - 500 CE | Siberia | Hunting-gathering societies, nomadic lifestyles. | | 85 | Chola Dynasty | c. 300 BCE - 1279 CE | South India | Advancements in arts, architecture, maritime trade. | | 86 | Age of Empires | 15th - 20th Century CE | Worldwide | European colonialism, the establishment of trade empires. | | 87 | Shang Dynasty | 1600 - 1046 BCE | China | Bronze Age culture, ancestor worship, early writing. | | 88 | Prehistoric Oceania | circa 3000 BCE - 1200 CE | Oceania | Migration, development of agricultural societies. | | 89 | Emergence of City-States | 3rd Millennium BCE | Mesopotamia | Urbanization, governance systems, trade networks. | | 90 | Teotihuacan | 100 BCE - 750 CE | Central Mexico | Urban center, pyramids, cultural exchange. | | 91 | Neo-Assyrian Empire | 911 - 609 BCE | Mesopotamia | Military achievements, library of Ashurbanipal. | | 92 | Khmer Empire | 802 - 1431 CE | Southeast Asia | Construction of Angkor Wat, advanced hydraulic engineering. | | 93 | Chimu Culture | c. 900 - 1470 CE | Peru | Complex societies, metalwork, and agriculture. | | 94 | Indigenous Californian Cultures | Pre-Contact | California | Diverse groups, complex societal structures, resource management. | | 95 | Tekri Culture | 3000 - 1500 BCE | Western India | Early urbanization, settlements, metallurgy. | | 96 | Attachment Age,"6th - 2nd Century CE | Central Asia | Development of trade routes, nomadic societies. | nan | | 97 | Pushkin Era | 1920 - 1940 CE | Russia | Cultural renaissance, literature. | | 98 | Great Zimbabwe | 1100 - 1450 CE | Southern Africa | Monumental stone ruins, trade networks. | | 99 | Greenland Norse Settlements | 10th - 15th Century CE | Greenland | Viking exploration, adaptations to Arctic environments. | | 100 | Great Basin Cultures | Prehistoric - Present | Western USA | Hunter-gatherer societies, diverse adaptations. | | 101 | Terracotta Army | 210 BCE - 210 CE | China | Burial art from the Qin dynasty, large-scale crafting. | | 102 | European Neolithic | Neolithic period | Europe | Distribution of farming, monumental architecture like Stonehenge. | | 103 | Missouri Hopewell Culture | 200 BCE - 500 CE | Midwestern USA | Mound building, extensive trade networks. | | 104 | Pictish Culture | 300 - 900 CE | Scotland | Symbol stones, complex society, interaction with Romans. | | 105 | Bronze Age Scandinavia | 1800 - 500 BCE | Scandinavia | Elder burial mounds, metalwork. | | 106 | Edwardian Era | 1901 - 1910 CE | United Kingdom | Cultural shifts, societal changes, early modernity. | | 107 | Bantu Migrations | circa 1000 BCE - 500 CE | Sub-Saharan Africa | Spread of agriculture, language spread. | | 108 | Carolingian Empire | 800 - 888 CE | Western Europe | Cultural revival, unification under Charlemagne. | | 109 | Mesopotamian Societies | 3500 - 500 BCE | Mesopotamia | Invention of writing, monumental architecture. | | 110 | Maori Culture | circa 1300 - Present | New Zealand | Indigenous peoples, rich oral traditions, resource management. | | 111 | Amerindian Cultures | Pre-Columbian Era | North America | Cultural diversity, complex societies, early settlements. | | 112 | Transitional Period | 10,000 - 8,000 BCE | Worldwide | Shift from hunter-gatherer to agricultural societies. | | 113 | Prehistoric Norway | 12,000 BCE - 800 CE | Norway | Cave paintings, early settlements, hunter-gatherer societies. | | 114 | Old Norse Culture | circa 800 - 1300 CE | Scandinavia | Viking explorations, rich storytelling tradition. | | 115 | Great Wall of China | 7th Century BCE - 16th Century CE | China | Military fortifications, defense architecture. | | 116 | Harappan Civilization | 2600 - 1900 BCE | Indus Valley | Urban planning, advanced drainage systems, trade. | | 117 | Chichen Itza | 600 - 1200 CE | Mexico | Mayan city, cultural center, astronomical observations. | | 118 | Phoenician Civilization | c. 1200 - 539 BCE | Mediterranean | Sea trade, alphabet development, city-states. | | 119 | Bactrian Period | c. 3rd Century BCE - 4th Century CE | Central Asia | Cultural syncretism, trade routes like the Silk Road. | | 120 | Qing Dynasty | 1644 - 1912 CE | China | Last imperial dynasty, societal changes, opium wars. | | 121 | Norwegian Independence | 1814 | Norway | Emergence of national identity, constitutional governance. | | 122 | Saddle & Breach Period | circa 1910 - Present | Worldwide | Global conflicts, social changes. | | 123 | Back to the Stone Age | Prehistoric Era | Worldwide | Reversions to primitive living due to climate or conflict. | | 124 | Thracian Culture | 600 BCE - 300 CE | Southeast Europe | Rich burial customs, unique artifacts. | | 125 | Vedic to Mauryan Transition | 500 BCE to 300 CE | India | Philosophical evolution, early state formation. | | 126 | North American Colonization | 16th - 18th Century CE | North America | Interactions between Europeans and Indigenous peoples. | | 127 | Neo-liberal Era | Late 20th Century - Present | Worldwide | Economic globalization, technological advancements. | | 128 | Early Egyptian Dynasties | 3100 - 2686 BCE | Egypt | Formation of the state, pyramids construction. | | 129 | Minoan to Mycenaean Transition | 2000 - 1200 BCE | Greece | Decline of Minoan civilization, rise of Mycenaean. | | 130 | Romanesque Period | circa 1000 - 1150 CE | Europe | Architecture, art, and growth of church influence. | | 131 | Harappan to Vedic Transition | 1900 - 1500 BCE | Indus Valley to North India | Cultural assimilation, new socio-political structures. | | 132 | Gothic Era | 12th - 16th Century CE | Europe | Architectural styles, cathedral constructions, religious fervor. | | 133 | Fjord Culture | Prehistoric Era | Scandinavia | Maritime adaptations, subsistence lifestyles. | | 134 | Mongol Empire | 1206 - 1368 CE | Eurasia | Largest contiguous empire, cultural exchanges, trade. | | 135 | Aegean Bronze Age | 3000 - 1100 BCE | Greece | Cultural florescence, early writing, major trade networks. | | 136 | Age of Enlightenment | 17th - 19th Century CE | Europe | Emphasis on reason, scientific advancement, philosophical discourse. | | 137 | Early Republic Era | 1776 - 1815 CE | USA | Founding of the nation, development of democratic principles. | | 138 | Santa Cruz Culture | Prehistoric Era | California | Developed understanding of local ecology and sustainable practices. | | 139 | Yamato Period | c. 300 - 710 CE | Japan | Formation of the Japanese state, cultural developments. | | 140 | Aztec Empire | 1428 - 1521 CE | Mexico | Advancements in mathematics, architecture, comprehensive social structure. | | 141 | Sutton Hoo | 7th Century CE | England | Anglo-Saxon burial, rich grave goods, historical significance. | | 142 | Neolithic British Isles | 4000 - 2000 BCE | British Isles | Construction of megaliths, farming. | | 143 | Salvadoran Civilizations | circa 1000 BCE - 1500 CE | El Salvador | Development of complex societies, pottery, agriculture. | | 144 | Vietnamese Prehistory | circa 3000 BCE | Vietnam | Development of agriculture, bronze working. | | 145 | Beringian Cultures | 20,000 - 10,000 BCE | Siberia and North America | Early human migration into the Americas through Beringia. | | 146 | Trans-Saharan Trade | circa 8th Century - Present | North Africa | Exchange of goods across the Sahara, cultural exchanges. | | 147 | Balkan Bronze Age | 3000 - 1000 BCE | Balkans | Ceramic development, regional trade networks. | | 148 | Angkor Period | 802 - 1431 CE | Cambodia | Advanced irrigation, monumental architecture. | | 149 | Zaragoza Strip | 1800 - 1900 CE | Spain | Urban and economic development, modern advancements. | | 150 | Unified India | circa 350 - 500 CE | India | Cultural consolidation, spread of Buddhism. | | 151 | Polar Cultures | circa 3000 BCE - Present | Arctic | Adaptations to extreme environments, hunting-gathering societies. | | 152 | Earliest Humans | circa 2.5 million years ago - 10,000 BCE | Worldwide | Homo habilis to Homo sapiens emergence, basic tool use. | | 153 | Harappan Period | 3300 - 1300 BCE | Indus Valley | Urban civilization marked by advanced engineering. | | 154 | Pre-Contact Hawaiians | 300 CE - 1778 CE | Hawaii | Complex society, agricultural practices, voyaging traditions. | | 155 | Missouri Mound Builders | 1000 BCE - 200 CE | Midwestern USA | Mound construction, trade networks, agricultural societies. | | 156 | Chaco Canyon | 900 - 1150 CE | Southwest USA | Cultural center for Pueblo culture, large dwellings. | | 157 | Globular Amphora Culture | ca. 4100 - 2900 BCE | Central Europe | Neolithic burial traditions, pottery styles. | | 158 | Benin Kingdom | 1180 - 1897 CE | West Africa | Political organization, cultural richness, art. | | 159 | Burial Mounds of Ohio | 1000 BCE - 500 CE | Ohio | Monumental earthworks related to ancient Native American societies. | | 160 | Archaic Greece | circa 800 - 500 BCE | Greece | Foundation of city-states, emergence of democracy. | | 161 | Peoples of the Andes | Prehistoric - Present | Andes Region | Rich cultural heritage, terracing agriculture. | | 162 | Neolithic Island Cultures | 4000 BCE - 2000 BCE | Island Regions | Development of unique languages and cultures. | | 163 | Sumer to Babylon Transition | 2000 - 1500 BCE | Mesopotamia | Rise of Babylon, cultural exchanges. | | 164 | Waikato Culture | Prehistoric Era | New Zealand | Early Māori customs, farming practices. | | 165 | Warring States Period | 475 - 221 BCE | China | Political fragmentation, philosophical developments. | | 166 | Prehistoric Baltic Region | 3000 - 1200 BCE | Baltic Sea Region | Non-agricultural societies, cultural artifacts. | | 167 | Iron Age in Africa | circa 500 BCE - 200 CE | Africa | Introduction of iron technology, social changes. | | 168 | Rustic Era | Late 18th Century - Early 19th Century | Europe | Emergence of rural cultures, simple living. | | 169 | Tribal America | circa 300 BCE - 1500 CE | North America | Tribal governance, diverse cultures. | | 170 | Steppes Culture | ca. 2000 BCE - Present | Eurasian Steppe | Nomadic lifestyle, pastoralism, cultural exchanges. | | 171 | Civilization of Peru | circa 1200 - 1400 CE | Peru | Cultural exchange networks, monumental constructions. | | 172 | Prehistoric Brittany | Neolithic - Early Iron Age | Brittany, France | Megalithic constructions, burial traditions. | | 173 | Transitional Egyptian Period | 1050 - 332 BCE | Egypt | Decline of pharaonic power, invasions. | | 174 | Norse in Ireland | c. 795 - 1169 CE | Ireland | Viking invasions, settlements, cultural exchange. | | 175 | Neolithic Architectural Cultures | 4000 - 2000 BCE | Worldwide | Development of ceremonial architecture, settlements. | | 176 | Titular Kingdoms of the Maya | Pre-Columbian Era | Mesoamerica | Political power structures, cultural richness. | | 177 | Bosnian Pyramids | Prehistoric Era | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Construction of ancient pyramids, controversies. | | 178 | Caddo Culture | 600 - 1800 CE | Southern USA | Trade networks, mound-building societies. | | 179 | New World Civilizations | 1492 - 1600 CE | Americas | Diverse indigenous cultures, early colonialism. | | 180 | Post Classic Mesoamerican Civilizations | 900 - 1521 CE | Central Mexico | Cultural exchanges, urban centers post-Mayans. | | 181 | Seafaring Cultures of the North | 500 BCE - 1500 CE | Northern Europe | Maritime trade, settlements, exploration. | | 182 | Stone Circles of the British Isles | 2900 BCE - 1500 BCE | British Isles | Constructed for ritualistic purposes, astronomical alignments. | | 183 | Latvian Bronze Age | 1800 - 500 BCE | Baltic Region | Trade routes, emergence of social hierarchy. | | 184 | Caral Civilization | circa 3000 - 1800 BCE | Peru | Oldest known civilization in the Americas, complex society. | | 185 | Antiquity in Iraq | 5000 BCE - 600 CE | Iraq | Sumarian, Akkadian, Babylonian civilizations. | | 186 | East African Civilization | 1000 BCE - 1500 CE | East Africa | Trade interactions with Arabs, Bantu migrations. | | 187 | History of Ancient Rome | 753 BCE - 476 CE | Rome | Political evolution, technological advancements, cultural practices. | | 188 | Culture of the Cirripedia | 500 BCE - 100 CE | Society throughout Asia | Aquatic societies, early earthworks. | | 189 | Emergence of Buddhism | 500 BCE - 0 CE | India | Philosophical movements, influence on culture. | | 190 | Southeast Asian Empires | 500 - 1500 CE | Southeast Asia | Cultural revolutions, trade routes. | | 191 | Ancient Israel | 1000 BCE - 100 CE | Israel | Development of Judaism, cultural identity. | | 192 | Merchant Cities of Venice | 1000 - 1500 CE | Italy | Cultural richness, trade networks. | | 193 | Campagne Culture | 500 BCE - 500 CE | France | Social organization, military structures. | | 194 | Velvet Revolution Era | 1968 - 1993 CE | Czech Republic | Cultural awakening, political transitions. | | 195 | Bulgarian Kingdom | 681 - 1396 CE | Bulgaria | Early Slavic kingdoms, cultural exchanges. | | 196 | Scythian Period | 800 - 300 BCE | Eurasia | Nomadic tribes, significant cultural influence. | | 197 | Fertile Crescent Civilizations | 9000 - 500 BCE | Middle East | Origins of agriculture, early cities. | | 198 | Southerly American Cultures | Prehistoric - Present | South America | Indigenous development, agriculture. | | 199 | Mesolithic/Neolithic Transition | 5000 - 3500 BCE | Northwestern Europe | Technological advances, settlement patterns. | | 200 | Hieroglyphic Cultures of Egypt | 3100 - 300 BCE | Egypt | Development of writing, religious practices. | | 201 | Art Deco Era | 1920 - 1940 CE | Worldwide | Artistic movement, architectural uniqueness. | | 202 | Cystic Fibrosis Era | 1950 - Present | Worldwide | Medical advancements, patient care development. | | 203 | Pre-galactic Civilizations | 2000 BCE - 300 CE | Various Cultures | Cultural development predating known history. | | 204 | Yugoslavia Era | 1946 - 1992 CE | Balkans | Cultural richness, conflicts leading to dissolution. | | 205 | Transatlantic Slave Trade Era | 16th - 19th Century CE | Transatlantic | Human movement, social and economic changes. | | 206 | Silk Road Era | 2nd Century BCE - 14th Century CE | Eurasia | Cultural exchanges, trade networks. | | 207 | Nationalism Movements | 19th - 20th Century CE | Worldwide | Rise of nation-states, ethnic identities. | | 208 | Sumer to Babylon Transition Period | 2000 - 1500 BCE | Mesopotamia | Cultural transitions, advancements in governance. | | 209 | Woman's Rights Movement | 19th - 20th Century CE | Worldwide | Cultural shifts towards gender equality. | | 210 | Modernist Movement | Late 19th - Mid 20th Century | Worldwide | Cultural rethinking of art, literature, and philosophy. |