1 |
COVID-19 |
Age 65 and older |
Elderly population |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
2 |
COVID-19 |
Pre-existing respiratory conditions |
Individuals with asthma, COPD |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
3 |
HIV/AIDS |
Unprotected sex |
Sexually active individuals |
Sexual |
Global |
High |
4 |
Ebola |
Contact with infected bodily fluids |
Healthcare workers |
Direct |
Africa |
High |
5 |
Zika |
Mosquito bites |
General population in endemic areas |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
Medium |
6 |
Dengue |
High-density population areas |
Residents of tropical areas |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
7 |
Influenza |
Chronic health conditions |
Older adults and chronic patients |
Airborne |
Global |
Moderate |
8 |
Tuberculosis |
HIV positive individuals |
HIV/AIDS patients |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
9 |
Malaria |
Lack of mosquito nets |
Children under 5 |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
10 |
Cholera |
Contaminated water supply |
Communities with poor sanitation |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
11 |
Hepatitis A |
Poor hygiene practices |
Travelers to endemic regions |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
Medium |
12 |
SARS |
Close contact with infected individuals |
General population |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
13 |
West Nile Virus |
Exposure to mosquitoes |
Adults over 50 |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Low |
14 |
Measles |
Low vaccination rates |
Unvaccinated children |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
15 |
Mumps |
Low vaccination rates |
Children and teenagers |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
16 |
Tetanus |
Lack of vaccination |
Unvaccinated population |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
17 |
Strep throat |
Close contact in crowded places |
Children and teenagers |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
18 |
Typhoid fever |
Contaminated food and water |
Travelers to endemic regions |
Waterborne |
Global |
Medium |
19 |
Polio |
Low vaccination coverage |
Children in low-income countries |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
20 |
Yellow fever |
Lack of vaccination in endemic areas |
Travelers to endemic areas |
Vector-borne |
Africa, South America |
High |
21 |
COVID-19 |
Obesity |
Individuals with obesity |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
22 |
COVID-19 |
Chronic kidney disease |
Individuals with CKD |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
23 |
HIV/AIDS |
Intravenous drug use |
Drug users |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
24 |
Ebola |
Bushmeat handling |
Local populations in affected areas |
Direct |
Africa |
High |
25 |
Zika |
Pregnancy |
Pregnant women |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
26 |
Dengue |
Seasonal rainfall patterns |
Residents in high-rainfall areas |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
27 |
Influenza |
Overcrowded living conditions |
Urban populations |
Airborne |
Global |
Moderate |
28 |
Tuberculosis |
Poor ventilation in living spaces |
Urban populations |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
29 |
Malaria |
Seasonal changes in mosquito populations |
Children under 5 |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
30 |
Cholera |
Flooding and poor infrastructure |
Communities post-disaster |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
31 |
Hepatitis B |
Multiple sexual partners |
Individuals with high-risk behavior |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
32 |
SARS |
Travel to endemic areas |
Travelers |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
33 |
West Nile Virus |
Elderly |
Elderly individuals |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Medium |
34 |
Measles |
Travelers from areas with outbreaks |
Unvaccinated travelers |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
35 |
Mumps |
Inadequate vaccination coverage |
Children under 12 |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
36 |
Tetanus |
Lack of clean wound treatment |
Individuals in rural areas |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
37 |
Strep throat |
Cold weather months |
General population |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
38 |
Typhoid fever |
Poor sanitation |
Communities in poverty-stricken areas |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
39 |
Polio |
War-torn regions |
Children in conflict areas |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
40 |
Yellow fever |
Travel to tropical areas |
Travelers and residents |
Vector-borne |
Africa, South America |
High |
41 |
COVID-19 |
Travel history |
Travelers |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
42 |
COVID-19 |
Socioeconomic status |
Low-income populations |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
43 |
HIV/AIDS |
Lack of access to healthcare |
Marginalized communities |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
44 |
Ebola |
Cultural practices involving funerals |
Local communities during outbreaks |
Direct |
Africa |
Very High |
45 |
Zika |
Microcephaly in infants |
Pregnant women |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
46 |
Dengue |
Travel to endemic areas |
Travelers |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
47 |
Influenza |
Vaccination history |
Non-vaccinated individuals |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
48 |
Tuberculosis |
Living in overcrowded conditions |
Urban poor |
Airborne |
Global |
Very High |
49 |
Malaria |
Environmental changes |
Rural farming communities |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
50 |
Cholera |
Lack of access to clean water |
Remote populations |
Waterborne |
Global |
Very High |
51 |
Hepatitis A |
Travel to endemic countries |
Travelers |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
Medium |
52 |
SARS |
High population density |
Urban areas |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
53 |
West Nile Virus |
Poor drainage systems |
Urban areas with stagnant water |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Low |
54 |
Measles |
Immune-compromised individuals |
Immunocompromised |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
55 |
Mumps |
Close-knit communities |
Communities with low vaccination rates |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
56 |
Tetanus |
Unvaccinated due to cost |
Low-income populations |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
57 |
Strep throat |
Seasonal allergies |
Allergy sufferers |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
58 |
Typhoid fever |
Use of untreated water sources |
Communities reliant on untreated water |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
59 |
Polio |
Refugee populations |
Children and adults in refugee camps |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
60 |
Yellow fever |
Urbanization in endemic areas |
Urban populations in Africa/South America |
Vector-borne |
High |
NaN |
61 |
COVID-19 |
Lack of vaccination |
Unvaccinated spots |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
62 |
COVID-19 |
Presence of underlying health issues |
High-risk individuals |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
63 |
HIV/AIDS |
Social stigma |
Isolated individuals and communities |
Bloodborne |
Global |
Medium |
64 |
Ebola |
Healthcare facility conditions |
Hospitals in outbreak zones |
Direct |
Africa |
High |
65 |
Zika |
High temperatures |
Infected mosquitoes in warm climates |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
66 |
Dengue |
Housing conditions |
Residents in inadequate housing |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
67 |
Influenza |
Elderly care facilities |
Elderly populations |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
68 |
Tuberculosis |
Low socioeconomic conditions |
Impoverished communities |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
69 |
Malaria |
Environmental management |
Agriculture workers |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
70 |
Cholera |
Rapid urbanization |
Cities in developing regions |
Waterborne |
Global |
Very High |
71 |
Hepatitis B |
Infant vaccination history |
Infants in unvaccinated populations |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
72 |
SARS |
Animal markets |
People frequenting animal markets |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
73 |
West Nile Virus |
Seasonal weather patterns |
General population in seasonal areas |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Medium |
74 |
Measles |
International travel |
Travelers without vaccinations |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
75 |
Mumps |
Close-contact sports |
Teenagers and young adults |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
76 |
Tetanus |
Injury in rural areas |
Individuals in remote areas |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
77 |
Strep throat |
School settings |
Children in schools |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
78 |
Typhoid fever |
Food handling practices |
Food handlers in endemic areas |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
79 |
Polio |
Areas with weak health systems |
Children in conflict zones |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
80 |
Yellow fever |
Climate change effects |
Residents in impacted areas |
Vector-borne |
Africa, South America |
High |
81 |
COVID-19 |
Non-compliance with health guidelines |
General population |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
82 |
COVID-19 |
Chronic liver disease |
Individuals with liver disease |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
83 |
HIV/AIDS |
Lack of education on safe practices |
At-risk populations |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
84 |
Ebola |
Inadequate outbreak response |
Healthcare systems in outbreak areas |
Direct |
Africa |
Very High |
85 |
Zika |
Inadequate vector control measures |
Communities without control measures |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
86 |
Dengue |
Education on prevention |
Communities without awareness |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
87 |
Influenza |
Chronic heart disease |
Individuals with heart conditions |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
88 |
Tuberculosis |
High prevalence of HIV |
Individuals co-infected with HIV |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
89 |
Malaria |
Poor access to healthcare |
Rural communities |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
90 |
Cholera |
Proximity to outbreaks |
Communities near outbreaks |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
91 |
Hepatitis A |
Contaminated street food |
Travelers to urban areas |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
Medium |
92 |
SARS |
High contact professions |
Healthcare and emergency response |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
93 |
West Nile Virus |
Community awareness and education |
Local residents |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Low |
94 |
Measles |
Global vaccine hesitancy |
Travelers to low vaccine areas |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
95 |
Mumps |
Events with close interaction |
Attendees of festivals and gatherings |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
96 |
Tetanus |
Inadequate first aid knowledge |
General public |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
97 |
Strep throat |
Cold weather exposure |
Individuals in colder climates |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
98 |
Typhoid fever |
Education about food safety |
Communications in food safety |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
99 |
Polio |
Access to immunization campaigns |
Children in underserved areas |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
100 |
Yellow fever |
Lack of disease awareness |
Potential travelers to endemic areas |
Vector-borne |
Africa, South America |
High |
101 |
COVID-19 |
Cultural practices around gatherings |
Communities with strong cultural ties |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
102 |
COVID-19 |
Pre existing heart conditions |
Patients with heart disease |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
103 |
HIV/AIDS |
Sexual orientation stigma |
LGBTQ+ communities |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
104 |
Ebola |
Illegal wildlife trade |
Individuals involved in wildlife markets |
Direct |
Africa |
High |
105 |
Zika |
Uncontrolled urban development |
Rapidly urbanizing areas |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
106 |
Dengue |
Unsustainable agriculture practices |
Farmers in susceptible areas |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
107 |
Influenza |
Navigational education for vulnerable |
Families with children in school |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
108 |
Tuberculosis |
Access to public health programs |
Impoverished urban communities |
Airborne |
Global |
Very High |
109 |
Malaria |
Ineffective public health initiatives |
Community health programs lacking |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
110 |
Cholera |
Nutritional deficiencies |
Populations with poor diet—lack of nutrients |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
111 |
Hepatitis B |
Non-sterile needles |
Drug users and individuals receiving tattoos |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
112 |
SARS |
Migrant workers with no health coverage |
Migrant communities |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
113 |
West Nile Virus |
Migratory bird patterns |
People living near wetlands |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Medium |
114 |
Measles |
International school policies |
Unvaccinated school-age children |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
115 |
Mumps |
Traveling during outbreaks |
Travelers to affected regions |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
116 |
Tetanus |
Emergency response capability |
Rescue workers in disaster areas |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
117 |
Strep throat |
Avoidance of medical treatment |
People with emergency hesitancy |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
118 |
Typhoid fever |
Availability of vaccination programs |
Travelers to high-risk countries |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
119 |
Polio |
1940's medical practices influenced health policy |
Marginalized communities |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
120 |
Yellow fever |
Challenges of urban healthcare |
Individuals in urban areas with healthcare gaps |
Vector-borne |
Africa, South America |
High |
121 |
COVID-19 |
Populations with low health literacy |
Low-education communities |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
122 |
COVID-19 |
Rural healthcare access issues |
Populations in rural settings |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
123 |
HIV/AIDS |
Isolation and mental health issues |
Individuals facing mental health challenges |
Bloodborne |
Global |
Medium |
124 |
Ebola |
Ecosystem changes due to climate |
Communities relying on natural resources |
Direct |
Africa |
Very High |
125 |
Zika |
Health advice and communication failures |
Communities without access to public health resources |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
126 |
Dengue |
Risk of viral outbreaks in urban settings |
Urban populations with vulnerable housing |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
127 |
Influenza |
Lack of awareness about seasonal flu |
General population |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
128 |
Tuberculosis |
Neglect of preventive health services |
Marginalized groups in cities |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
129 |
Malaria |
Forest dwellers and their agriculture |
Agricultural workers in forest regions |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
130 |
Cholera |
Industrial pollution of water sources |
Communities near industrial sites |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
131 |
Hepatitis A |
Tourism in low hygiene areas |
Travelers to underdeveloped destinations |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
Medium |
132 |
SARS |
Connections to wildlife trade |
Individuals selling wildlife |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
133 |
West Nile Virus |
Urban parks and green areas |
City dwellers |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Medium |
134 |
Measles |
Public gatherings without vaccination checks |
Crowded events |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
135 |
Mumps |
Tech communities and events with close interactions |
Tech event attendees |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
136 |
Tetanus |
Cultural practices not emphasizing wound care |
Communities with traditional practices |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
137 |
Strep throat |
Sports events |
School aged children |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
138 |
Typhoid fever |
Poor access to health equity programs |
Low-income regions |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
139 |
Polio |
Infrastructure collapse due to conflict |
Children in war zones |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
140 |
Yellow fever |
Inadequate mosquito control efforts |
Urban centers in Africa/South America |
Vector-borne |
High |
NaN |
141 |
COVID-19 |
Awareness of new variants |
Populations resisting vaccination after emergence of variants |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
142 |
COVID-19 |
Long-term care facilities |
Residents in long-term care settings |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
143 |
HIV/AIDS |
Economic disparities |
Communities with low economic mobility |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
144 |
Ebola |
Wildlife conservation practices |
Local communities managing wildlife |
Direct |
Africa |
High |
145 |
Zika |
Education on risks of pregnancy |
Practicing couples in endemic areas |
Vector-borne |
Americas |
High |
146 |
Dengue |
Public perception of vector control |
Community attitudes toward mosquitoes |
Vector-borne |
Asia |
Medium |
147 |
Influenza |
Seasonal outbreaks in high-density housing |
Occupants of urban housing |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
148 |
Tuberculosis |
Judgment about treatment compliance |
Social pressure in communities |
Airborne |
Global |
Very High |
149 |
Malaria |
Climate impacts on disease spread |
Populations in newly affected areas |
Vector-borne |
Africa |
High |
150 |
Cholera |
Natural disasters exacerbating contamination |
Areas prone to flooding |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
151 |
Hepatitis B |
Socioeconomic factors affecting healthcare access |
Low-income individuals |
Bloodborne |
Global |
High |
152 |
SARS |
Long-haul truck drivers in affected areas |
Truck drivers |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
153 |
West Nile Virus |
Changes in weather patterns affecting breeding grounds |
People living in prone areas |
Vector-borne |
North America |
Medium |
154 |
Measles |
Refusal of vaccines due to misinformation |
Parents influenced by anti-vaccine rhetoric |
Airborne |
Global |
High |
155 |
Mumps |
Community events leading to outbreaks |
Attendees of large gatherings |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
156 |
Tetanus |
Economic status affecting wound care access |
Low-income areas |
Direct contact |
Global |
Medium |
157 |
Strep throat |
Airborne diseases during cold weather |
Individuals in colder demographics |
Airborne |
Global |
Medium |
158 |
Typhoid fever |
Lack of isolation from contaminated sources |
Households reliant on shared water |
Waterborne |
Global |
High |
159 |
Polio |
Political instability affecting vaccination campaigns |
Children in politically unstable regions |
Fecal-oral |
Global |
High |
160 |
Yellow fever |
Travel to and from urban centers |
Travelers between urban and rural settings |
Vector-borne |
High |
NaN |