Pathogen	Type	Target Organism	Interaction Type	Mechanism	Effects	Transmission Mode
Bacillus anthracis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Spore formation	Severe illness, potential death	Inhalation, ingestion, cutaneous
Escherichia coli O157:H7	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Shiga toxin production	Gastroenteritis	Foodborne, waterborne
Staphylococcus aureus	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Toxin production	Skin infections, food poisoning	Direct contact, aerosol
Streptococcus pneumoniae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Capsule production	Pneumonia, meningitis	Person-to-person
Clostridium tetani	Bacterium	Human	Toxin production	Neurotoxin production	Tetanus	Wound contamination
Plasmodium falciparum	Protozoan	Human	Parasitemia	Invasion of red blood cells	Malaria	Mosquito bite
Human Immunodeficiency Virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Targeting CD4+ T cells	AIDS	Sexual contact, blood exposure
Influenza virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Cellular entry via HA	Respiratory illness	Aerosol transmission
Zika virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Neurotropism	Fetal abnormalities, fever	Mosquito bite, sexual contact
Salmonella enterica	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Invasion of intestinal cells	Gastroenteritis	Foodborne, waterborne
Helicobacter pylori	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Urease production	Peptic ulcers, gastric cancer	Oral-oral, fecal-oral
Neisseria meningitidis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Polysaccharide capsule	Meningitis, sepsis	Respiratory droplets
Vibrio cholerae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Cholera toxin production	Severe diarrhea, dehydration	Waterborne
Human Papillomavirus	Virus	Human	Infection	Oncogenic potential	Cervical cancer	Sexual contact
Rabies virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Neuroinvasion	Rabies	Animal bite
Chlamydia trachomatis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	STI, infertility	Sexual contact
Borrelia burgdorferi	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Spiral shape, motility	Lyme disease	Tick bite
Candida albicans	Fungus	Human	Infection	Biofilm formation	Candidiasis	Opportunistic, endogenous
Brucella spp.	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Brucellosis	Ingestion of contaminated food
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Slow growth, cell wall lipids	Tuberculosis	Airborne
Trichomonas vaginalis	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Flagellar motility	Trichomoniasis	Sexual contact
Zygomycetes	Fungus	Human	Infection	Angioinvasion	Mucormycosis	Opportunistic, inhalation
Chikungunya virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Replication in muscle cells	Fever, arthralgia	Mosquito bite
Dengue virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Affects endothelial cells	Dengue fever	Mosquito bite
Rhinovirus	Virus	Human	Infection	Receptor-mediated endocytosis	Common cold	Aerosol transmission
Adenovirus	Virus	Human	Infection	Viral replication	Respiratory infections, conjunctivitis	Aerosol, fomites
West Nile virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Neuroinvasive potential	Encephalitis	Mosquito bite
Ebola virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Direct viral replication in host	Hemorrhagic fever	Contact with bodily fluids
SARS-CoV-2	Virus	Human	Infection	Spike protein-mediated entry	COVID-19	Airborne, contact
Yersinia pestis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Type III secretion system	Bubonic plague	Flea bite, respiratory droplet
Listeria monocytogenes	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Gastroenteritis, meningitis	Foodborne
Shigella flexneri	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Shiga toxin production	Dysentery	Fecal-oral transmission
Enterobius vermicularis	Helminth	Human	Infection	Egg transmission	Pinworm infection	Fecal-oral transmission
Clonorchis sinensis	Helminth	Human	Infection	Liver damage	Choleriasis	Foodborne (eating raw fish)
Schistosoma mansoni	Helminth	Human	Infection	Invasion through skin	Schistosomiasis	Contact with contaminated water
Trypanosoma brucei	Protozoan	Human	Infection	CNS invasion	African sleeping sickness	Tsetse fly bite
Entamoeba histolytica	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Tissue invasion	Amoebic dysentery	Fecal-oral transmission
Streptococcus pyogenes	Bacterium	Human	Infection	M protein evasion	Pharyngitis, necrotizing fasciitis	Direct contact, respiratory droplets
Coxsackievirus	Virus	Human	Infection	Cytolytic activity	Hand, foot, and mouth disease	Fecal-oral route
Parvovirus B19	Virus	Human	Infection	Bone marrow infection	Fifth disease	Respiratory secretions
Hepatitis A virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Oral-fecal route	Hepatitis	Fecal-oral transmission
Hepatitis B virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Chronic liver infection	Hepatitis, cancer	Blood, sexual contact
Hepatitis C virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Chronic liver infection	Hepatitis, liver failure	Blood, sexual contact
Cryptosporidium parvum	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Intracellular parasitism	Cryptosporidiosis	Waterborne, fecal-oral
Neisseria gonorrhoeae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Hormonal modulation	Gonorrhea	Sexual contact
Legionella pneumophila	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Legionnaires' disease	Aerosol transmission
Yersinia enterocolitica	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Invasion of mucosa	Gastroenteritis	Foodborne
Francisella tularensis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Tularemia	Direct contact, vector-borne
Chlamydophila psittaci	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Psittacosis	Aerosol transmission
Hantavirus	Virus	Human	Infection	Vascular permeability	Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome	Rodent excretions
Q fever (Coxiella burnetii)	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular survival	Q fever	Aerosol transmission
Fusobacterium necrophorum	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Toxin production	Lemierre's syndrome	Normal flora opportunistic
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Biofilm formation	Pulmonary infections	Opportunistic pathogen
Clostridium difficile	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Toxin A and B production	Antibiotic-associated diarrhea	Fecal-oral route
Treponema pallidum	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular survival	Syphilis	Sexual contact
Anaplasma phagocytophilum	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Human granulocytic anaplasmosis	Tick bite
Neorickettsia sennetsu	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Sennetsu fever	Contact with water contaminated by fish
Chlamydia psittaci	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Psittacosis	Aerosols from infected birds
Rickettsia rickettsii	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Rocky Mountain spotted fever	Tick bite
Enterobacter sakazakii	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Neonatal infections	Meningitis	Contaminated infant formula
Bradyhizobium spp.	Bacterium	Plant	Symbiosis	Nitrogen fixation	Improved growth in legumes	Root nodules formation
Rhizobium spp.	Bacterium	Plant	Symbiosis	Nitrogen fixation	Enhanced nutrient uptake	Root nodules of legumes
Agrobacterium tumefaciens	Bacterium	Plant	Genetic transformation	Crown gall disease	Tumor-like growth	Plant wound infection
Mycobacterium leprae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Slow replication	Leprosy	Prolonged close contact
Orientia tsutsugamushi	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Scrub typhus	Rodent mites
Histoplasma capsulatum	Fungus	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Histoplasmosis	Aerosol transmission from bird droppings
Blastomyces dermatitidis	Fungus	Human	Infection	Inhalation of spores	Blastomycosis	Aerosol transmission
Coccidioides immitis	Fungus	Human	Infection	Inhalation of arthroconidia	Valley fever	Aerosol transmission
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis	Fungus	Human	Infection	Inhalation of spores	Paracoccidioidomycosis	Aerosol transmission
Cryptococcus neoformans	Fungus	Human	Infection	Encapsulation	Meningitis	Aerosol transmission from bird feces
Penicillium marneffei	Fungus	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Penicilliosis	Aerosol transmission in endemic areas
Candida auris	Fungus	Human	Infection	Drug resistance	Invasive candidiasis	Direct contact
Nocardia asteroides	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Opportunistic pathogen	Nocardiosis	Inhalation, contamination of wounds
Acanthamoeba castellanii	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Contact lens contamination	Acanthamoeba keratitis	Direct contact with contaminated water
Varicella-zoster virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Latency in neurons	Chickenpox, shingles	Respiratory droplets
Cytomegalovirus	Virus	Human	Infection	Cell-mediated immunity evasion	Congenital infections	Saliva, transplants
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Neurotropic infection	Encephalitis	Mosquito bite
Junin virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Zoonotic transmission	Argentine hemorrhagic fever	Contact with rodent excretions
Marburg virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Infects multiple cell types	Marburg virus disease	Contact with bodily fluids
Nipah virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Direct viral replication	Nipah virus infection	Fruit bats, contaminated food
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Invasion of endothelial cells	CCHF	Tick bites, contact
Rift Valley fever virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Zoonotic transmission	Rift valley fever	Mosquito bites, livestock contact
Blue tongue virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Vascular damage	Bluetongue disease	Insect bites (biting midges)
Foot-and-mouth disease virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Cell lysis	Vesicular disease in cloven-hoofed animals	Contact, aerosol
Classical swine fever virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Immunosuppression	Hog cholera	Contact with infected animals
Avian influenza virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Respiratory infection	Bird flu	Contact with infected birds
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Types of immune evasion	PRRS	Aerosol, contact
Newcastle disease virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Viral replication in lungs	Respiratory disease in birds	Contact, aerosol
Marek's disease virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Changes in lymphocytes	Lymphoid tumors in poultry	Contact with infected birds
Canine parvovirus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Rapid replication in dividing cells	Vomiting, diarrhea	Contact with infected feces
Feline leukemia virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Immunosuppression	Feline leukemia	Bite, grooming
Lentivirus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Infection of immune cells	Feline immunodeficiency virus	Bite, grooming
Canine distemper virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Neurological involvement	Distemper in dogs	Contact, aerosol
Rabies virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Neurotropic infection	Rabies in mammals	Bite from infected animals
Western equine encephalitis virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Neurotropic strain	Western equine encephalitis	Mosquito bite
Japanese encephalitis virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Neuroinvasion	Japanese encephalitis	Mosquito bite
Equine encephalitis virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Neuroinvasive potential	Equine encephalitis	Mosquito transmission
Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Respiratory distress	SARS	Respiratory droplets
MERS-CoV	Virus	Human	Infection	Respiratory infection	Middle East respiratory syndrome	Contact, aerosol
Rising virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Promotes immune evasion	Rising disease	Vector transmission
Chlamydia psittaci	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Psittacosis	Aerosol from bird droppings
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Biofilm production	Pulmonary infections	Opportunistic pathogen
Acinetobacter baumannii	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Multidrug resistance	Nosocomial infections	Direct contact
Salmonella typhi	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Typhoid toxin production	Typhoid fever	Fecal-oral transmission
Toxoplasma gondii	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Toxoplasmosis	Fecal-oral, zoonotic
Mycoplasma pneumoniae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Adhesion to respiratory epithelium	Atypical pneumonia	Respiratory droplets
Propionibacterium acnes	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Biofilm formation	Acne vulgaris	Normal skin flora
Rickettsia prowazekii	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Epidemic typhus	Louse bites
Anaplasma phagocytophilum	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Evasion of immune response	Human granulocytic anaplasmosis	Tick bite
Chlamydia caviae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular replication	Respiratory infections	Indirect contact with guinea pigs
Adenovirus 5	Virus	Human	Infection	Receptor-mediated endocytosis	Conjunctivitis, respiratory infections	Fomites, aerosol
Rhinovirus 14	Virus	Human	Infection	Infection of upper respiratory tract	Common cold	Aerosol, contact
Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Drug resistance mechanisms	Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis	Airborne
Campylobacter jejuni	Bacterium	Human	Infection	S-shaped form enhances mobility	Gastroenteritis	Foodborne, waterborne
Clostridium perfringens	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Toxin production	Food poisoning	Foodborne
Bordetella pertussis	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Toxin production	Whooping cough	Airborne
Equine herpesvirus 1	Virus	Animal	Infection	Respiratory infection	Equine abortion	Contact, aerosol
Equine influenza virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Respiratory disease	Equine influenza	Contact, aerosol
Canine coronavirus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Gastrointestinal illness	Canine enteritis	Contact, fecal-oral
Feline infectious peritonitis virus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Immune response dysregulation	FIP	Contact, aerosol
Porcine parvovirus	Virus	Animal	Infection	Reproductive failure	Porcine reproductive disease	Contact, aerosol
Adenovirus 2	Virus	Animal	Infection	Causes respiratory disease	Kennel cough	Contact, aerosol
Leptospira interrogans	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Invasion of tissues	Leptospirosis	Waterborne, zoonotic
Borrelia hermsii	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Direct bloodstream invasion	Relapsing fever	Tick bite
Yersinia pestis (flea-borne)	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Plague	Flea bites
Toxocara canis	Helminth	Human	Infection	Visceral larva migrans	Toxocariasis	Fecal-oral transmission
Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)	Helminth	Human	Infection	Egg ingestion	Pinworm infection	Fecal-oral transmission
Pneumocystis jirovecii	Fungus	Human	Infection	Opportunistic pathogen	Pneumocystis pneumonia	Aerosol transmission
Giardia lamblia	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Fecal-oral transmission	Giardiasis	Waterborne, fecal-oral
Babesia microti	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Invasion of red blood cells	Babesiosis	Tick bite
Cryptosporidium hominis	Protozoan	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth in intestine	Cryptosporidiosis	Waterborne, fecal-oral
Legionella longbeachae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Aerosolized bacteria	Legionnaires' disease	Contact with contaminated water
Bartonella henselae	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Cat scratch fever	Cat scratches or bites
Francisella tularensis (e.g., type A)	Bacterium	Human	Infection	Intracellular growth	Tularemia	Contact with infected animals
Hepatitis D virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Requires co-infection with HBV	Severe liver disease	Blood, sexual contact
Hantaan virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Infiltration of pulmonary cells	Hemorrhagic fever	Rodent excrement
Junin virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Zoonotic disease transmission	Argentine hemorrhagic fever	Contact with infected rodents
Machupo virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Severely infects blood vessels	Bolivian hemorrhagic fever	Contact with infected rodents
Sabia virus	Virus	Human	Infection	Receptor-mediated entry into cells	Hemorrhagic fever	Contact with wild animals
Trichinella spiralis	Helminth	Human	Infection	Ingestion of larvae in undercooked meat	Trichinosis	Foodborne
Echinococcus granulosus	Helminth	Human	Infection	Formation of cysts	Hydatid disease	Fecal-oral, zoonotic
Echinococcus multilocularis	Helminth	Human	Infection	Formation of multivesicular cysts	Alveolar echinococcosis	Zoonotic