| Rational Decision-Making Model |
A structured, step-by-step approach to decision making. |
Analytical |
Identifying problem, Generating alternatives, Evaluating options, Making choice |
Individual |
| Bounded Rationality |
A model that acknowledges the limitations of information and cognitive capacity. |
Behavioral |
Satisficing, Limited information processing, Shortcuts |
Individual/Group |
| OODA Loop |
A decision-making framework from military strategy focusing on Observe, Orient, Decide, Act. |
Tactical |
Observe, Orient, Decide, Act |
Individual |
| SWOT Analysis |
A strategic planning technique used to identify Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. |
Strategic |
Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats |
Group |
| Pros and Cons List |
A simple method of weighing the advantages and disadvantages of each option. |
Practical |
Advantages, Disadvantages |
Individual |
| Decision Matrix |
A quantitative technique for evaluating multiple options against a set of criteria. |
Analytical |
Options, Criteria, Scores, Weights |
Group |
| Cost-Benefit Analysis |
A process of comparing the costs and benefits of a decision. |
Financial |
Costs, Benefits |
Individual/Group |
| Pareto Analysis |
A technique for decision making based on the Pareto principle (80/20 rule). |
Statistical |
Identify, Prioritize, Focus |
Group |
| Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) |
A method for evaluating multiple conflicting criteria in decision making. |
Analytical |
Criteria, Alternatives, Weights |
Group |
| Decision Tree Analysis |
A graphical representation of decisions and their possible consequences. |
Visual |
Branches, Outcomes, Probabilities |
Individual/Group |
| DARE Model |
A model for decision making under risk: Define, Assess, Respond, Evaluate. |
Risk Management |
Risk identification, Response strategies, Evaluation |
Individual |
| Six Thinking Hats |
A tool that provides a structured way to look at a decision from different perspectives. |
Collaborative |
White (facts), Red (feelings), Black (caution), Yellow (benefits), Green (creativity), Blue (process) |
Group |
| Fuzzy Logic Decision Making |
A method that deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed. |
Technical |
Fuzzy sets, Membership functions, Linguistic variables |
Group |
| Nominal Group Technique |
A structured method for group brainstorming that encourages contribution from everyone. |
Collaborative |
Idea generation, Ranking, Discussion |
Group |
| Delphi Technique |
A structured communication technique for decision-making that utilizes a panel of experts. |
Collaborative |
Surveying, Anonymity, Iteration |
Group |
| Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) |
A structured technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions. |
Analytical |
Hierarchy, Pairwise comparison, Synthesis |
Group |
| Stakeholder Analysis |
A process of identifying and analyzing the interests of those involved in a decision. |
Interpersonal |
Identifying stakeholders, Assessing influence, Prioritizing |
Group |
| Value Proposition Canvas |
A tool used to ensure that a product or service is positioned around what the customer values. |
Marketing |
Customer profile, Value map |
Business |
| Scenario Planning |
A strategic planning method used to make flexible long-term plans. |
Strategic |
Identifying factors, Developing scenarios, Assessing implications |
Group |
| Brainstorming |
A method for generating ideas that involves group discussion. |
Creative |
Free thinking, Moderation, Organization |
Group |
| Mind Mapping |
A visual representation of ideas that connects them in a non-linear manner. |
Visual |
Central idea, Branches, Connections |
Individual/Group |
| Risk Assessment Matrix |
A tool for evaluating risks based on their likelihood and impact. |
Risk Management |
Impact, Likelihood, Mitigation strategies |
Group |
| Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa) |
A causal diagram that shows the potential causes of a specific problem. |
Quality Control |
Categories of causes, Brainstorming, Analysis |
Group |
| RACI Matrix |
A tool that clarifies roles and responsibilities in a project. |
Project Management |
Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed |
Group |
| Equity Analysis |
A method to assess potential investment decisions using financial metrics. |
Financial |
Valuation ratios, Earnings, Risk metrics |
Individual |
| Scenario Analysis |
A process of analyzing future events by considering alternative possible outcomes. |
Strategic |
Best case, Worst case, Most likely case |
Group |
| Porter's Five Forces |
A framework for analyzing the competitive forces in an industry. |
Strategic |
Threat of new entrants, Bargaining power of suppliers, Bargaining power of buyers, Threat of substitute products, Industry rivalry |
Business |
| PEST Analysis |
A tool for understanding the broader political, economic, social, and technological environment. |
Strategic |
Political, Economic, Social, Technological |
Group |
| Cost-Effectiveness Analysis |
A method to compare the cost and outcomes of different courses of action. |
Financial |
Cost measurement, Outcome measurement, Comparison |
Individual/Group |
| Gap Analysis |
A method for assessing the difference between current and desired performance levels. |
Strategic |
Current state, Desired state, Actions needed |
Group |
| Benchmarking |
A process of comparing one's business processes and performance metrics to industry bests. |
Performance Improvement |
Metrics, Comparison |
Business |
| Action Priority Matrix |
A tool used to prioritize actions based on effort and impact. |
Practical |
Effort, Impact, Prioritization |
Group |
| Time Value of Money |
A financial concept that illustrates how the value of money changes over time. |
Financial |
Present value, Future value, Discount rate |
Individual |
| HEPTALOGIC |
A framework that combines seven essential questions for effective decision making. |
Strategic |
What, Why, Who, When, Where, How, What If |
Individual/Group |
| Self-Determination Theory |
A psychological framework focusing on motivation and decision-making processes. |
Behavioral |
Autonomy, Competence, Relatedness |
Individual |
| OKR Framework |
A goal-setting framework used to define objectives and track their outcomes. |
Strategic |
Objectives, Key results |
Business |
| SMART Goals |
A method for setting goals that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. |
Practical |
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound |
Individual/Group |
| Monte Carlo Simulation |
A statistical method used to model the probability of different outcomes in a process. |
Technical |
Random sampling, Probability distribution, Risk analysis |
Group |
| Contingency Planning |
A strategy for developing alternative courses of action for possible future events. |
Risk Management |
Identification of risks, Development of plans, Implementation |
Group |
| PESTLE Analysis |
An extension of PEST analysis that includes Legal and Environmental factors. |
Strategic |
Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental |
Group |
| Decision Support System (DSS) |
An information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities. |
Technological |
Data analysis, Simulation capabilities, User interface |
Business |
| Time Management Matrix |
A tool for prioritizing tasks based on urgency and importance. |
Productivity |
Important and Urgent, Important but not Urgent, Urgent but not Important, Not Urgent and Not Important |
Individual |
| Ethical Decision-Making Framework |
A process for making choices that align with personal and organizational values. |
Ethical |
Identify the issue, Consider the options, Evaluate consequences, Choose an option |
Individual/Group |
| Logframe Approach |
A management tool used in project planning, monitoring, and evaluation. |
Project Management |
Objectives, Activities, Indicators, Assumptions |
Group |
| Feature-Driven Development (FDD) |
An iterative and incremental software development methodology. |
Project Management |
Developing feature list, Planning by feature, Designing by feature |
Group |
| Scalability Analysis |
A method to evaluate how well a system can grow to meet increased demand. |
Technical |
Capacity, Performance, Flexibility |
Business |
| Cultural Decision Making Model |
A framework that takes into account the cultural contexts affecting decisions. |
Cultural |
Values, Beliefs, Practices, Context |
Group |
| Collaborative Decision Making |
A process for making decisions through the collective input of multiple stakeholders. |
Collaborative |
Consensus, Communication, Negotiation |
Group |
| Strategic Planning Model |
A systematic process for envisioning a desired future and translating that vision into broadly defined goals. |
Strategic |
Vision, Mission, Objectives, Strategies |
Business |
| TOWS Matrix |
A tool for identifying strategic options based on SWOT analysis. |
Strategic |
Strengths, Threats, Opportunities, Weaknesses |
Group |
| 20/20 Analysis |
An analysis tool that helps to identify potential issues based on people, process, and technology. |
Strategic |
Identifying risk, Difference in performance standards, Reputation |
Group |
| 1877 Decision Model |
A model of decision making used in risk management based on historical data. |
Risk Management |
Historical context, Risk assessment |
Individual/Group |
| Impact-Effort Matrix |
A prioritization tool used to evaluate initiatives based on their potential impact and the effort required. |
Practical |
Impact, Effort, Prioritization |
Group |
| Decision Quality Framework |
A model focusing on what it means to make quality decisions. |
Quality |
Frame the decision, Gather intelligence, Clarify values, Understand trade-offs |
Group |
| Integrated Planning Model |
A comprehensive approach to planning that incorporates multiple perspectives. |
Strategic |
Comprehensive, Cooperative, Resource-sensitive |
Group |
| Value Chain Analysis |
A strategic tool for analyzing the activities a company performs to deliver value. |
Business |
Primary activities, Support activities, Margin |
Group |
| SWIFT (Structured What-If Technique) |
A structured technique for risk assessment focusing on brainstorming and discussion. |
Risk Management |
What-if scenarios, Structured discussion |
Group |
| Quantitative Risk Analysis |
A method that quantifies risk levels in terms of impact and probability. |
Risk Management |
Probability distributions, Risk assessment |
Group |
| Qualitative Risk Assessment |
A method of assessing and prioritizing risks based on qualitative measures. |
Risk Management |
Risk categorization, Risk prioritization |
Group |
| Conflict Resolution Process |
A structured process for resolving disputes in a collaborative manner. |
Interpersonal |
Identification, Discussion, Resolution |
Group |
| Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) |
A process improvement training and appraisal program. |
Quality Management |
Process areas, Levels, Evaluation |
Business |
| Learning Organization Model |
A model that promotes continuous learning and improvement in organizations. |
Organizational Development |
Shared vision, Continuous learning, Knowledge sharing |
Group |
| Reverse Brainstorming |
A technique that identifies problems by asking “What could go wrong?” |
Creative |
Problem identification, Solutions generation |
Group |
| Wisdom of Crowds |
A concept that collective decision making can lead to better outcomes than individual decisions. |
Collaborative |
Diversity, Independence, Decentralization |
Group |
| Generalized Decision-Making Model |
A simple model outlining universal steps of decision making. |
Analytical |
Identify problem, Generate solutions, Implement, Evaluate |
Individual |
| Continuous Improvement Cycle |
A process of ongoing improvement of products, services, or processes. |
Quality Improvement |
Plan, Do, Check, Act |
Group |
| Agile Decision-Making Framework |
An iterative approach to decision making that incorporates flexibility and rapid response. |
Project Management |
Iterative development, Continuous feedback, Adaptive planning |
Group |
| Decision-Quality Assessment |
A tool to evaluate the quality of a decision after implementation. |
Quality |
Criteria assessment, Quality metrics, Outcomes review |
Group |
| Team Consensus Model |
A model that emphasizes achieving a common agreement among team members. |
Collaborative |
Consensus-building, Communication, Inclusiveness |
Group |
| Behavioral Decision Theory |
A theory that explores the effects of psychological factors on decision making. |
Behavioral |
Cognitive biases, Heuristics, Emotion |
Individual |
| Decision-Making Under Uncertainty Model |
Framework for making decisions without certainty about possible outcomes. |
Risk Management |
Risk assessment, Decision flexibility, Outcome evaluation |
Individual/Group |
| Adaptive Decision-Making |
A flexible approach that adjusts decisions based on new information and changing conditions. |
Strategic |
Adjustment, Learning, Feedback loops |
Group |
| Strategic Decision-Making Process |
A structured approach to making important organizational decisions. |
Strategic |
Define objectives, Gather information, Make decision, Implement |
Group |
| Conflict Management Styles |
Different approaches to handling conflict between individuals or groups. |
Interpersonal |
Avoiding, Collaborating, Competing, Compromising, Accommodating |
Group |
| Team-Based Decision Making |
A collaborative approach where team members contribute to decisions. |
Collaborative |
Input, Discussion, Collective responsibility |
Group |
| Strategic Issue Management |
A proactive approach to identifying and addressing strategic issues. |
Strategic |
Issue identification, Monitoring, Response planning |
Group |
| Collaborative Problem Solving |
A process in which individuals or teams work together to solve complex problems. |
Collaborative |
Teamwork, Communication, Shared goals |
Group |
| Game Theory |
A mathematical model that analyzes strategic interactions among rational decision-makers. |
Analytical |
Players, Strategies, Payoffs, Outcomes |
Individual/Group |
| Independent Review Model |
A method of decision-making that includes an unbiased third-party assessment. |
Quality Assurance |
Review criteria, Assessment process, Recommendations |
Group |
| Strategic Asset Allocation |
A systematic approach to managing investments and risk through asset distribution. |
Financial |
Asset classes, Risk tolerance, Rebalancing |
Individual |
| Supply Chain Decision-Making Model |
A framework for optimizing decisions within supply chain management. |
Operational |
Demand forecasting, Inventory management, Supplier selection |
Group |
| Customer Decision Journey Framework |
A model to understand and analyze the process customers go through when making a purchase. |
Marketing |
Awareness, Consideration, Purchase, Loyalty |
Business |
| Business Model Canvas |
A strategic management template for developing new business models. |
Business |
Value proposition, Customer segments, Revenue streams, Key activities |
Business |
| Deliberative Polling |
A method of polling that involves informing participants and facilitating discussion. |
Research |
Information dissemination, Small group discussions, Polling |
Group |
| Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis |
A managerial accounting method to understand the relationship between costs, volume, and profit. |
Financial |
Break-even analysis, Profitability analysis |
Individual |
| Environmental Scanning |
A systematic analysis of external environments that influence decision making. |
Strategic |
Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental |
Group |
| Intervention Theory |
A framework used to plan and evaluate interventions aimed at improving conditions. |
Health/Public Policy |
Context, Mechanisms, Outcomes, Feedback |
Group |
| Behavioral Economics Framework |
A method that studies the effects of psychological, cognitive, emotional, cultural, and social factors on economic decisions. |
Behavioral |
Heuristics, Biases, Decision context |
Individual/Group |
| Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) |
A goal-setting framework used to define and track objectives and their outcomes in organizations. |
Business |
Goals, Key results, Progress tracking |
Business |
| Interpersonal Decision-Making Model |
A structure that encompasses personal influences on decision-making processes. |
Behavioral |
Self-identity, Relationship dynamics, Social context |
Individual |
| Step-By-Step Decision-Making Model |
An approach that includes a sequential method for making decisions effectively. |
Analytical |
Define problem, Gather information, Evaluate options, Make decision |
Individual |
| Operational Decision-Making Model |
A framework for making routine decisions that are often complex yet necessary in operations. |
Operational |
SOPs, KPIs, Resource allocation |
Group |
| Multi-Phase Decision-Making |
A phased approach that organizes the decision process into manageable stages. |
Analytical |
Define scope, Analyze options, Plan implementation |
Group |
| Feedback Loop System |
An iterative process where the output of a decision informs future decisions. |
Operational |
Feedback collection, Analysis, Adaptation |
Group |
| Consultative Decision-Making |
A method where decision-makers consult with stakeholders before making a final decision. |
Collaborative |
Consultation, Stakeholder input, Decision finalization |
Group |
| Data-Driven Decision-Making |
An approach that emphasizes data analysis and interpretation as the basis for decision making. |
Analytical |
Data collection, Analysis, Insights |
Group |
| Structured Problem Solving |
A systematic approach to addressing complex issues or problems. |
Analytical |
Problem identification, Analysis, Solution implementation |
Group |
| Conjoint Analysis |
A statistical technique used to determine how people value different attributes. |
Market Research |
Attribute profiling, Preference measurement, Trade-off analysis |
Business |